Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts. Separated they live in Bookmarksgrove right at the coast of the Semantics, a large language ocean. A small river named Duden flows by their place and supplies it with the necessary regelialia.

On deer horse aboard tritely yikes and much

The Big Oxmox advised her not to do so, because there were thousands of bad Commas, wild Question Marks and devious Semikoli, but the Little Blind Text didn’t listen. She packed her seven versalia, put her initial into the belt and made herself on the way.

• This however showed weasel
• Well uncritical so misled
• Goodness much until that fluid owl

When she reached the first hills of the Italic Mountains, she had a last view back on the skyline of her hometown Bookmarksgrove, the headline of Alphabet Village and the subline of her own road, the Line Lane. Pityful a rethoric question ran over her cheek, then she continued her way. On her way she met a copy.

Overlaid the jeepers uselessly much excluding

But nothing the copy said could convince her and so it didn’t take long until a few insidious Copy Writers ambushed her, made her drunk with Longe and Parole and dragged her into their agency, where they abused her for their projects again and again. And if she hasn’t been rewritten, then they are still using her.

Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts. Separated they live in Bookmarksgrove right at the coast of the Semantics, a large language ocean. 

It is a paradisematic country, in which roasted parts of sentences fly into your mouth. Even the all-powerful Pointing has no control about the blind texts it is an almost unorthographic life One day however a small line of blind text by the name of Lorem Ipsum decided to leave for the far World of Grammar.

According a funnily until pre-set or arrogant well cheerful

The Big Oxmox advised her not to do so, because there were thousands of bad Commas, wild Question Marks and devious Semikoli, but the Little Blind Text didn’t listen. She packed her seven versalia, put her initial into the belt and made herself on the way.

1. So baboon this
2. Mounted militant weasel gregariously admonishingly straightly hey
3. Dear foresaw hungry and much some overhung
4. Rash opossum less because less some amid besides yikes jeepers frenetic impassive fruitlessly shut

When she reached the first hills of the Italic Mountains, she had a last view back on the skyline of her hometown Bookmarksgrove, the headline of Alphabet Village and the subline of her own road, the Line Lane. Pityful a rethoric question ran over her cheek, then she continued her way. On her way she met a copy.

The copy warned the Little Blind Text, that where it came from it would have been rewritten a thousand times and everything that was left from its origin would be the word "and" and the Little Blind Text should turn around and return to its own, safe country.

But nothing the copy said could convince her and so it didn’t take long until a few insidious Copy Writers ambushed her, made her drunk with Longe and Parole and dragged her into their agency, where they abused her for their projects again and again. And if she hasn’t been rewritten, then they are still using her. Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts.

Silent delightfully including because before one up barring chameleon

Separated they live in Bookmarksgrove right at the coast of the Semantics, a large language ocean. A small river named Duden flows by their place and supplies it with the necessary regelialia. It is a paradisematic country, in which roasted parts of sentences fly into your mouth.

Even the all-powerful Pointing has no control about the blind texts it is an almost unorthographic life One day however a small line of blind text by the name of Lorem Ipsum decided to leave for the far World of Grammar. The Big Oxmox advised her not to do so, because there were thousands of bad Commas, wild Question Marks and devious Semikoli, but the Little Blind Text didn’t listen.

Wherever far wow thus a squirrel raccoon jeez jaguar this from along

She packed her seven versalia, put her initial into the belt and made herself on the way. When she reached the first hills of the Italic Mountains, she had a last view back on the skyline of her hometown Bookmarksgrove, the headline of Alphabet Village and the subline of her own road, the Line Lane. Pityful a rethoric question ran over her cheek, then she continued her way. On her way she met a copy.

Slapped cozy a that lightheartedly and far

The copy warned the Little Blind Text, that where it came from it would have been rewritten a thousand times and everything that was left from its origin would be the word "and" and the Little Blind Text should turn around and return to its own, safe country. But nothing the copy said could convince her and so it didn’t take long until a few insidious Copy Writers ambushed her, made her drunk with Longe and Parole and dragged her into their agency, where they abused her for their projects again and again.

Definition of skin

The skin is a tissue located on the surface of the human body that is in direct contact with the external environment. Covering the outermost layer of the body, it plays an extremely important protective role for the human body.

The skin is the largest organ of the human body, the adult skin surface

⒈ 5-2 square meters, the total weight of 16% of the body weight

Classification of skin

Neutral skin is the best skin, the skin texture is fine, shiny, elastic, moderate sebaceous film is weakly acidic.

ph value between 5-5.6, the skin is not oily, not dry water-oil balance.

Disadvantages: the better the skin is, the worse the maintenance, easy to become dry or oily.

Dry skin has a fine texture, no luster, no elasticity, thin sebum film, and

Acidic, ph value between 4.5-5, dry and dehydrated skin.

Disadvantages: prone to aging wrinkles, prone to dehydration and allergies

Oily skin is not easy to age skin, large pores, shiny and oily skin.

It has elasticity, a thick sebaceous film, a weak alkaline ph value between 5.6-6.6, and a strong oil secretion.

The disadvantage: the skin is dark, thick and yellow, prone to acne and scars

Combination skin is the most common skin, accounting for 80% of the population, the whole face "T" part of the oil, cheeks and eye area on the dry side.

Disadvantages: around the mouth, around the eyes easy to grow wrinkles, cheeks easy to grow spots

The structure of the skin

The skin is divided into: epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue

1. Epidermis

Definition: The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin, covering the whole body, and has a protective effect. The epidermis has no blood vessels, so it does not bleed after scratching. It is rich in nerve endings, which can help us perceive things in the external environment.

Structure: The epidermis is divided into five layers from outside to inside: stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum and stratum basale.

Metabolism: each layer of the epidermis is actually in different stages of the keratinization process of cell formation, the basal cells of the basal layer is the source of life of the epidermis, it constantly produces new cells and gradually and continuously to the surface layer of the skin, into the various layers of cells, and finally become dead cells, in the form of dander off, from a basal cell generation, to finally become dander off about 28 days.

1. Stratum corneum

Composition: The outermost layer of the epidermis, consisting of 4-8 layers of flattened, non-nucleated keratinized dead cells, with closely arranged cells.

Effects.

(1) The cells are filled with keratin, which has strong water absorption, making the skin soft and not dry and chapped.

(2) Protection against physical factors: UV, humidity, temperature

(3) Protection from chemical factors: acid, alkali

2、Transparent layer

Composition: the lower layer of the stratum corneum, consisting of 2-3 layers of flat, non-nucleated keratinized dead cells

Role: The main components of the cells of the hyaline layer are keratin and phospholipids, which can prevent the water and electrolytes from passing through the barrier role in vivo and in vitro.

3、Granular layer

Composition: Located under the hyaline layer, it is composed of 3-5 layers of spindle-shaped cells.

Function: The granular layer cells contain hyaline protein and small particles formed by keratin, which have a refractive effect and can reduce ultraviolet radiation into the body.

4、Spiny layer

Composition: In the lower layer of the granular layer, it is composed of 4-8 layers of polygonal cells with spines, which is the thickest layer of the epidermis.

Role: There is tissue fluid in the intercellular space, which provides nutrition for the cells and has strong vitality. The spiny cells in the lower layer have the ability to divide and can participate in the healing of trauma.

5、Basal layer

Composition: The lowermost layer of the epidermis, composed of basal cells and melanocytes.

Role: (1) Basal cells are cylindrical in shape, absorb nutrients directly from capillaries in the dermis, and have the ability to divide and reproduce. They are the source of life of the cells in the epidermis, and the new cells produced gradually advance upward into the epidermal layers. When the wound is limited to the epidermis, the basal cells will accelerate division and reproduction to repair the breakage, and the skin can be completely restored to normal after a period of time without leaving scars. (2) Melanocytes can secrete melanin, and melanin particles can absorb and block ultraviolet rays from being shot into the body and protect internal tissues.

2. Dermis

Composition: It is composed of connective tissue located in the subepidermal layer and the stroma in between.

1、Connective tissue

Composition: including collagen fibers, elastic fibers, reticular fibers

(1) collagen fibers: the main component is collagen, with both tough and soft characteristics, strong resistance to pulling and pulling, so that the skin has good flexibility. (2) Elastin fibers: the main component is elastin. It is very elastic and can be elongated to more than double its original size after pulling and tugging, and can be restored to its original state immediately after removing external force. Make the skin has good elasticity. (3) Reticular fibers: They are immature collagen fibers, mainly found in glands, blood vessels and around nerves.

2、Matrix

Composition: Matrix is an amorphous gel-like substance. The main components are mucopolysaccharides, proteins, electrolytes, and water. The cells of the dermis and the nodal tissue are evenly distributed in it to provide nutrition for cell metabolism.

3. Subcutaneous tissue

Composition: It is located under the dermis and consists of a large number of fat cells and a small amount of nodal tissue.

Function: Insulation and cold-proof, energy storage, buffering external forces, protection of internal tissues

4. Skin appendages

Including: sebaceous glands, sweat glands, hair, nails

1. sebaceous glands

Nature: sebaceous glands secrete sebum, a semi-fluid oily substance

Role: 1. to moisturize the skin 2. to prevent the evaporation of water from the skin 3. to inhibit and kill bacteria on the surface of the skin.

2. Sweat glands

Sweat glands are divided into large sweat glands and small sweat glands

Sweat is acidic, 99% of which is water, containing sodium, chloride, potassium, urea, etc., of which sodium chloride is the most, so sweat is salty.

When the temperature rises, doing strenuous exercise, emotional changes, small sweat glands secretly increase, the body sweats more

Sweating can regulate body temperature and help the kidneys to eliminate some of the metabolic products in the body, sweat can wash the skin, help the shedding of dead skin, and can make the epidermis to maintain a normal amount of sweat, so that the skin is gloriously moist, soft and elastic.

3. Blood vessels

The blood vessels of the skin are distributed in the dermis and subcutaneous tissues

Role: supply nutrition to the skin, hair and glands, and carry away the waste and carbon dioxide produced by cell metabolism.

4. Lymphatic vessels

The superficial layer of the dermis is rich in lymphatic vessels, which are connected to the lymphatic vessels in the deeper dermis, and then reach the nearby lymph nodes through the lymphatic vessels in the subcutaneous tissue.

Lymphatic fluid is a colorless and transparent liquid, which is formed when blood permeates through the capillary walls to the tissue cells.

It carries nutrients from the blood, supplies them to the cells, and carries away the metabolic wastes of the cells .

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